What Does a Physical Therapy Assistant Do?

Students must earn an associate degree from a physical therapist assistant program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). 

PTA programs offer coursework in anatomy, physiology, exercise science, behavioral science, kinesiology and patient care skills. During this time, assistants also gain clinical experience through hands-on work under supervision. Most programs last two years, including full-time clinical work for 16 weeks. 

All states require physical therapist assistants to be licensed or certified. Earning a license typically requires that students graduate from an accredited PTA program and pass the National Physical Therapy Exam (NPTE). The exam is given by the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy.

Certification is not always required, but it’s a smart way to demonstrate specific skills or knowledge. Plus, it’s another way to learn more about a specialty area such as geriatric, orthopedic, neurological, pediatric or cardiopulmonary care. One way to specialize is through the PTA Advanced Proficiency Pathways program, sponsored by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA).

Many physical therapy assistant students also earn certification in CPR.

Many assistants take continuing education courses to maintain their license and stay up to date. 

A related job, physical therapist aide, may provide an opportunity to see if you’re a good fit for this line of work. Aides do not provide direct patient care. They focus on getting the equipment and the patient ready for a therapy session. Becoming an aide requires a high school diploma or equivalent and on-the-job training. Most states do not require physical therapy aides to be licensed. 

Some states require PTA program graduates to pass an additional exam, undergo a background check and be at least 18 years of age before they can provide services. 

Demand for this career is expected to grow 24% from 2021 to 2031, much faster than the average for all occupations, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

In fact, it’s one of the most in-demand skilled trade jobs in the U.S. because the need for physical therapy will continue to grow as the population ages.

Successful therapy assistants tend to share these traits: 

• Detail-oriented
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills
• Compassionate and enjoy helping others improve their health
• Good dexterity
• Possess the physical stamina to work with patients all day, including kneeling, stooping, bending and spending extended time on your feet